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Lars-Eric Lindblad (January 23, 1927 – July 8, 1994) was a Swedish-American entrepreneur and explorer, who pioneered tourism to many remote and exotic parts of the world. He led the first tourist expedition to Antarctica in 1966〔(World Tourism Convention-Striking a New Balance-Exploring New Horizons ), International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO).〕 in a chartered Argentine navy ship, and for many years operated his own vessel, the MS ''Lindblad Explorer'', in the region. Observers point to the ''Lindblad Explorer’s'' 1969 expeditionary cruise to Antarctica as the frontrunner to today’s sea-based tourism there.〔(Mar 28 – Hump Day ), British Antarctic Survey.〕〔(Scope of Antarctic Tourism — A Background Presentation ), IAATO official website.〕 ==Biography== Lars-Eric Lindblad was born in 1927 in Solna north of Stockholm, Sweden. He immigrated to the United States in 1951 and later became an American citizen. Lindblad pioneered cruising to the Arctic, Tierra del Fuego, the Falkland Islands, but also to places such as the Seychelles and the islands east of Bali. In 1984, he led the first voyage by a tourist ship through the Northwest Passage from Newfoundland over the American continent and via Bering Strait to Yokohama, Japan.〔(Lars-Eric Lindblad, 67, Pioneer Of Tours to Exotic Destinations ), The New York Times, July 13, 1994.〕 The voyage took 40 days and a distance of and the adventure was covered by most news media in North America and Europe.〔(Lindblad Explorer Reunion of 2004 ), June 4 to June 6, 2004.〕 Lindblad was president and chief executive officer of Lindblad Travel in Westport, Connecticut, for more than 30 years. The company introduced tourism in some of the most exotic parts of the globe including cruises to Antarctica, in 1966; to Easter Island and the Galápagos Islands, in 1967, and along the coast of China and Bhutan in 1978. Many of these places had no facilities for visitors in the late 1950s and early 60s, when Lindblad Travel was in its infancy. In 1972, one of his company's ships, the MS ''Explorer'', ran aground in Antarctica – its passengers, including Lars-Eric Lindblad, were rescued by the Chilean Navy. Lindblad Travel ceased operations in 1989. In that year, the company was penalized more than $75,000 for violating United States trade embargoes against Vietnam and Cambodia by offering tours there. Lars-Eric Lindblad later said the penalties and legal fees incurred in his dispute with the U.S. Government contributed to the company's going out of business. In an interview in the ''New York Times'' when the penalties were levied, Lindblad said he had intentionally violated the sanctions. "I would do it again," he said. "Travel in my opinion is not ordinary trade. Travel is a way of communication. To embargo travel is like burning books or imprisoning journalists." 〔 Just three years later in 1992, the embargo against Cambodia was lifted by U.S. President George H. W. Bush, and in February 1994, President Bill Clinton lifted the trade embargo against Vietnam, resulting in a number of American companies starting to offer tours there. Lindblad was also a noted environmentalist who believed tourism had been responsible for saving many threatened areas. In opening remote and exotic areas of the world to tourism, he became widely recognized as a prominent figure of ecotourism.〔 Lindblad was awarded the Order of the Golden Ark by the Netherlands for services to wildlife conservation, and was in 1987 made a Knight of the Polar Star by the King of Sweden. He also received a number of environmental and cultural awards, served on the council of the World Wildlife Fund and African Wildlife Foundation, and was elected to the Hall of Fame of the American Society of Travel Agents. In 1993, ''Travel & Leisure'' magazine named him one of the "top 20 explorers of all time".〔(Lars-Eric Lindblad ), from the 1994 Orient Lines Grand Antarctic Circumnavigation brochure.〕 In 1995, the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names gave the name Lindblad Cove to a 5-mile wide cove on the Antarctic Peninsula in his honor.〔 (GNIS Detail - Lindblad Cove ) 〕 His autobiography, ''Passport to Anywhere'' with an introduction by the ornithologist Roger Tory Peterson, describes his many adventurous travel experiences.〔(The Lindblad Legacy of Respectful Tourism ), National Geographic Society, Washington, D.C.〕 Lars-Eric Lindblad lived for many years in Wilton, Connecticut. He died of a sudden heart attack in 1994, while on vacation in Stockholm. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lars-Eric Lindblad」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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